Thermodynamic and kinetic studies on alkoxylation of camphene over cation exchange resin catalysts
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The alkoxylation of camphene with 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol was studied using anhydrous macroporous and strong acid cation exchange resins as catalysts. The effects of various parameters, such as catalyst type, solvent, molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature, and reusability of catalysts, were investigated in a 250 mL stirred tank reactor to optimize the reaction conditions. The UNIFAC group contribution method was used to correct liquid nonideality, giving the thermodynamic equilibrium constant at 333–370 K. The enthalpy changes calculated by three different methods (Gaussian 03, constant, and a function of temperature) were compared. The value (−74.6 ± 3.3 kJ/mol) calculated by the last method was closer to the theoretical value (−75.73 kJ/mol) than that given by the second method (−30.2 ±1.2 kJ/mol). A Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson model based on activity was used to fit experimental data and the activation energy was 29.14 kJ/mol. The optimized reaction conditions were also verified in a 5 L reaction kettle. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 61: 1925–1932, 2015
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
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