Variability in the trophic position of larval fish in a coastal pelagic ecosystem based on stable isotope analysis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We used stable isotopes of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) to investigate the trophic position of six species of larval fish in the pelagic ecosystem of coastal Newfoundland. Isotope profiles from phytoplankton, net plankton and macrozooplankton were consistent with previous studies. All species of larval fish showed a length-dependent shift in δ13C that indicates a move to a pelagic diet from the combined pelagic and demersal eating habits of the adult spawners. The trophic position of four larval fish species (American plaice, yellowtail flounder, cunner, radiated shanny) was consistent with them feeding primarily on copepods, as expected from stomach content analysis. The δ15N-based trophic position of larval witch flounder and capelin indicates that they feed significantly on phytoplankton and heterotrophic protists from the microbial loop, respectively; this evidence contrasts with stomach content analysis. Although links between larval fish and the microbial loop are not considered as common as is the link with crustacean zooplankton, this and other studies challenge the long-held belief that marine fish larvae feed effectively exclusively on copepods.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.032 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it