Structures Using Uncurved or Minimally Curved Tensioned Fabric Membranes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Most tensioned fabric structures employ membranes that have support geometry resulting in anti-clastic curvature. A lesser number of structures have synclastic forms maintained by air pressure. Fabric membranes with little or no curvature must deflect substantially to resist out of plane loads, and their inefficient load resistance may result in high membrane stresses and heavy loads on the supporting cables and rigid elements. Large deflections may also result in conditions where membrane slope reaches zero under rain or snow loading, with ponding resulting. Uncurved or minimally curved surfaces are therefore generally avoided in design. Architectural, economic, or other reasons create many instances in which uncurved or minimally curved fabric membrane surfaces are desirable. Fabric roofs employing flat membranes can be economical, beautiful, and practical in certain conditions and with appropriate attention to the special design problems that are associated with them. The paper presents case studies of several recently built structures that employ uncurved or minimally curved fabric membranes. It explores the rationale behind the selection of flat forms, and considers how the special risks or costs associated with inefficient load resistance, high deflection, and the threat of ponding were addressed. The structures studied are recently constructed designs engineered by the author.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".