Prevalence and associations of hand pain in the community: results from a population-based study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence and associations of hand symptoms in a community setting. METHODS: The North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS) is a longitudinal cohort study of people aged ≥ 18 years. Analysis was performed in participants who completed a telephone interview, a quality of life questionnaire [the 36-item short-form health survey, (SF-36)], and the Australian/Canadian (AUSCAN) Osteoarthritis (OA) Hand Index, and underwent grip strength measurement. RESULTS: Overall, 477 (13.7%) reported hand pain, aching, or stiffness. Of these, 169 (35.8%) had been diagnosed with hand arthritis. Women were more likely to have hand symptoms than men, as were those aged ≥ 50 years (p < 0.001). Hand symptoms were associated with lower quality of life scores (p < 0.05). Participants with hand arthritis had more severe pain, stiffness, and poorer physical functioning as reflected by higher AUSCAN scores. Grip strength was reduced in those with hand symptoms and hand arthritis (p < 0.05) and inversely associated with mean AUSCAN subscores and SF-36 physical functioning scores (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hand symptoms were present in 14% of the population and were more common in women and those aged ≥ 50 years. Hand symptoms were associated with reduced grip strength and reduced quality of life. Hand arthritis was associated with higher AUSCAN scores. Hand symptoms and hand arthritis have a significant impact on physical functioning and quality of life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".