Evaluation of surface contamination with cyclophosphamide in the home setting of outpatients on cancer chemotherapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: To monitor the urinary excretion of cyclophosphamide by five patients during the first 48 hours after cyclophosphamide administration and to evaluate surface contamination with cyclophosphamide in the patients’ homes via their excreta 48 hours after the completion of chemotherapy. Methods: Urine samples were taken from five female patients with breast cancer at their homes during the 48 hours after administration of cyclophosphamide. Wipe samples were also collected from their home settings. All samples were analyzed for cyclophosphamide using gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy-mass spectrometry. Results: Fifty-three urine samples were collected from the five patients during two days after cyclophosphamide treatment. Cyclophosphamide was positive in all urine samples. The quantity of cyclophosphamide excreted in each urine sample ranged from 0.09 to 65.99 mg. The urinary excretion of cyclophosphamide accounted for 9%–34% of the dose for four of the patients. Cyclophosphamide was measured at levels of 0.01–8.35 in 17 of the 28 wipe samples from all five patients. The areas contaminated with cyclophosphamide, common to all patients, were the toilet seat (0.04–8.35 ng/cm 2 ) and the toilet floor (0.08–1.53 ng/cm 2 ). Conclusions: Surface contamination of the home settings of outpatients treated with cyclophosphamide was demonstrated 48 hours after cyclophosphamide administration. Contamination of the home setting with antineoplastic drugs administered to outpatients risks exposure to family members.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".