Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phytosteryl phenolates occur naturally in many cereals and were successfully synthesized through a two‐step chemoenzymatic process, as previously reported. They were also found to exhibit a system dependent antioxidant activity. Three model systems were employed in this study to shed light on the antioxidant activity and action mechanisms involved. The maintaining or enhancing of the antiradical capacity of phytosteryl phenolates in the DPPH assay suggested that these derivatives might be used as antioxidants in more lipophilic systems. However, reducing power of phytosteryl phenolates was lower than that of their phenolic acid counterparts, possibly due to their poor solubility in the aqueous test medium or via micelle formation. In the DNA scission test, phytosteryl phenolates showed either the same/or lower DNA retention ability against both peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals with the exception of phytosteryl caffeates and sinapates, which showed enhanced DNA retention ability against hydroxyl radical. Phytosteryl caffeates also displayed higher activity in DNA retention against peroxyl radical. The antioxidant activity of phytosteryl phenolates was similar or superior to that of their parent phenolic acid counterparts, suggesting their potential use as phenolic acid alternatives with added benefits of phytosterols in the food industry. DPPH radical scavenging ability of phenolic acids and their derivatives. CA, caffeic acid; FA, ferulic acid; SA, sinapic acid; and VA, vanillic acid.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".