Ceftaroline pharmacodynamic activity versus community-associated and healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus, vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus using an in vitro model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study assessed the pharmacodynamics of ceftaroline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), heteroresistant (h) vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA), VISA and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) using an in vitro model. METHODS: Two methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), one community-associated (CA)-MRSA, one healthcare-associated (HA)-MRSA, one hVISA, three VISA and two VRSA were studied. The pharmacodynamic model was inoculated with a concentration of 1 × 10⁶ cfu/mL and ceftaroline dosed every 12 h (at 0 and 12 h) to simulate the ƒC(max) and t(½) obtained after administering 600 mg intravenously every 12 h (ƒC(max), 16 mg/L; t(½), 2.6 h). Samples were collected over 24 h to assess viable growth and changes in ceftaroline MIC over time. RESULTS: Ceftaroline ƒT(> MIC) of ≥ 92% (ceftaroline MICs, ≤ 1 mg/L) was bactericidal (≥ 3 log₁₀ killing) against MSSA, CA-MRSA, HA-MRSA, hVISA, VISA and VRSA at 12 and 24 h. No bacterial regrowth occurred over the study period and no change in ceftaroline MIC was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Ceftaroline ƒT(> MIC) of ≥ 92% (ceftaroline MICs, ≤ 1 mg/L) was bactericidal (≥ 3 log₁₀ killing) against MSSA, CA-MRSA, HA-MRSA, hVISA, VISA and VRSA at 12 and 24 h.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".