Population characteristics of abundant bivalves (Mollusca, Vesicomyidae) at a sulphide-rich seafloor site near Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extensive beds of sulphide-habitat-associated clams are present on the summit of Edison Seamount (1450 m depth) near Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. These vesicomyids represent a new species. Imagery indicates that two major fields are several hundred metres in size. Four large grabs yielded over 270 live clams up to 23 cm in length plus many shells. The size structure of the populations suggests that settlement occurs in cohorts and that successful recruitment occurs mostly in areas with few adult clams. Dead juveniles were most abundant in the grabs with dense adults. Images from a towed camera sled included scales to allow density estimates that range up to 240 clams/m2(in small patches) with sizes averaging around 16.5 cm in length. A biometric relationship for length to wet mass allows calculation of estimates of biomass represented by clams measured in photographs. The average biomass value in Lihir clam beds is 13.3 kg/m2, with maximum values over 29 kg/m2(wet mass including shells). We compare these values with those of other studies that retrieved fewer specimens or imagery. We suggest that several overestimates populate the literature but that values around 30 kg/m2rival the biomass of intertidal bivalve beds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".