A spatio‐temporal contrast of the predatory impact of an invasive freshwater crustacean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Aim Impacts of invasive species may vary across invasion gradients, owing to trait‐based sorting of individuals through dispersal: those aggregating at invasion fronts may be more aggressive and voracious. We examine, in the field and laboratory, variation in the predatory impacts of an invasivePonto‐Caspian crustaceanHemimysis anomalaG.O.Sars, 1907 at two sites along a spatio‐temporal gradient of invasion. Location Republic ofIreland. Methods We used reciprocal transplant field‐deployed mesocosms to compare predation rates of invasion front and well‐establishedH. anomalaon natural zooplankton assemblages. In the laboratory, we measured the functional response (relationship between predation rate and prey supply) ofH. anomalafrom both sites, for a per capita mechanistic comparison of predation efficiency. We also assessed prey selectivity ofH. anomalain the mesocosm experiments to further compare feeding behaviour. Finally, we used a correlative approach to assess the community impact ofH. anomalaacross sites, including a nearby uninvaded site, by comparing zooplankton diversities and densities. Results Invasion frontH. anomalahad higher predation rates than well‐establishedH. anomalaat highin situzooplankton densities. Invasion frontH. anomalaalso had higher functional responses – in particular showing higher ‘attack rates’ – indicating a heightened ability to locate and capture prey. Prey selectivity was consistent across the spatio‐temporal contrast, with positive selection for cladocerans. Zooplankton diversity and density declined with time sinceH. anomalainvasion, both being maximal at the uninvaded site. Main conclusions Our study, for the first time, (1) reveals differences in predatory per capita effects and associated behavioural traits between two sites along a spatio‐temporal invasion gradient and (2) shows a negative community‐level impact of the invasiveH. anomalain natural water bodies. Further spatio‐temporal comparisons of predatory per capita effects of invaders are needed to assess the generality of these results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".