Comparison of Performances of Different Types of Clarifiers for the Treatment of Oily Wastewater Produced from Polymer Flooding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, oily wastewater produced from polymer flooding (OWPF) was treated with two different types of clarifiers. One was a cationic polymer (copolymer of acrylamide and acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) PAM‐DAC, the other was the non‐ionic polymer (polyoxyalkylated polyethyleneimine) PEI11. The effects of operating conditions on the performances of PAM‐DAC and PEI11 were compared. The performance of PAM‐DAC was not affected by temperature, while temperature had a great influence on that of PEI11. In the same conditions, to obtain the same oil removal performance, PEI11 needed more stirring time, higher dosage, and stronger stirring than PAM‐DAC. The flocs of PAM‐DAC and PEI11 were also different. The PAM‐DAC flocs were viscous and could adhere to the beaker, while the flocs of PEI11 could not. These performance differences were related to their flocculation mechanisms. The results of zeta potential, interfacial tension, and interfacial dilational rheology showed that the flocculation mechanisms of PAM‐DAC were electrostatic charge neutralization and bridging, while the mechanism of PEI11 was demulsification. This comparison is useful for the selection of clarifiers for the treatment of OWPF.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".