Description of the Larva of <I>Notaticus fasciatus</I> (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) Associated with Adults Using DNA Sequence Data
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Third instars of the diving beetle Notaticus fasciatus Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) are described for the first time, representing the first description of larvae from Aubehydrini, the only remaining tribe of Dytiscinae unknown as larvae. The description is based on larvae suspected to be N. fasciatus collected in French Guiana. The specimens were associated with adults by analyzing an 806-bp fragment of cytochrome c oxidase I. Adults of N. fasciatus and 19 other species were included representing all tribes and most species of Dytiscinae found in northern South America with multiple representatives of some for a total of 33 terminals. Data were analyzed using parsimony and p-distances. The parsimony analysis resulted in a single tree. The unknown larva grouped with adult specimens of N. fasciatus (bootstrap 100%). Distance between them averaged 0.01 (0.01–0.02) compared with 0.02 (0–0.06) between other conspecifics and 0.13 (0.05–0.17) between different species. N. fasciatus larvae differ from other Dytiscinae in the following characters: 1) head capsule subtriangular; 2) occipital suture absent; 3) anterior margin of frontoclypeus convex; 4) dorsal margin of foramen magnum straight; 5) dorsal pair of stemmata unmodified; 6) antennomere I, maxillary palpomere I, and labial palpomeres I and II not subdivided; 7) maxillary palpomere II subdivided; 8) ligula absent; 9) galea well developed; 10) natatory setae present on dorsal margin of coxae, absent along ventral margin of trochanters and tarsi; 11) tarsal claws not serrate; 12) abdominal tergites fully developed; and 13) urogomphus well developed, shorter than last abdominal segment, and without natatory setae.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".