Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in non-planted pilot-scale modified vertical flow constructed wetland system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rural wastewater containing low chemical oxygen demand (COD), but relatively high concentration of total nitrogen comprised of dominant ammonia-nitrogen, was treated in two vertical flow wetland systems whose effluent were discharged intermittently. A substantial loss of total nitrogen (30·3%) was found in a modified wetland system, which introduced an air pipe to enhance oxygen transfer, whereas only a minor loss (17·9%) in the conventional wetland. The correlation between pH, nitrite and nitrate concentrations, ammonia-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen distribution along with the depth in the wetlands indicated that the removal of total nitrogen did not follow the classic nitrification and denitrification pathway in the modified wetland system. Through mass balance calculation and theoretical analysis, it was found that simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) was responsible for the transformation of soluble nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen in the modified wetland, thereby causing the loss of total nitrogen. The results showed that SND can be stimulated in aerobic wetland systems and its occurrence may depend on the biofilm thickness, the hydraulic detention time, and the type and population of microorganisms present in the wetland systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".