Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in wheat distillers dried grains with solubles for broilers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A study was conducted to estimate the ileal digestibility of amino acids (AA) in 5 different samples of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) fed to broilers. Two hundred sixteen male Ross broiler chicks were fed a commercial starter diet from d 1 to 15 of age followed by the test diets from d 15 to 21. The 5 test diets consisted of a DDGS sample or wheat as the sole source of AA, dextrose, minerals, and vitamins. Chromic oxide (0.3%) was included in all diets as a digestibility marker. Each test diet was randomly assigned to 6 replicate cages, each with 6 birds. On d 21, birds were killed to sample ileal digesta for determining the apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal AA digestibilities. The SID values were calculated using ileal endogenous AA losses previously determined in our laboratory. Among the indispensable AA in wheat DDGS, the lowest and highest AID average values were observed for Lys (35.6%) and Phe (79.2%), respectively. The most variable AID estimates of wheat DDGS samples were observed for Lys (24.4 to 45.7%), Thr (48.2 to 60.9%), and His (57.4 to 69.1%) as indispensable and Asp (32.5 to 50.9%), Gly (49.6 to 63.1%), and Ala (53.6 to 66.8%) as dispensable AA, respectively. Apparent ileal digestibility estimates of the wheat sample for Lys, Thr, His, Gly, and Ala were 77.5, 74, 83.6, 79.3, and 78.9%, respectively. All AA digestibility estimates for both AID and SID determined in wheat were higher than in wheat DDGS samples (P < 0.05). Considering both AID and SID coefficients of wheat DDGS samples, Lys was the least digestible AA, averaging 35.6 and 40.0%, respectively. Using SID values in practical diet formulation can increase accuracy, prevent overformulation of diets, and reduce cost of safety margins.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".