MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort

Feather isotope analysis discriminates age-classes of Western, Least, and Semipalmated sandpipers when plumage methods are unreliable

2009· article· en· W2158586753 on OpenAlexafffund
Samantha E. Franks, David B. Lank, D. Ryan Norris, Brett K. Sandercock, Caz M. Taylor, Kurt Kyser

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Field Ornithology · 2009
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicAvian ecology and behavior
Canadian institutionsQueen's UniversityUniversity of GuelphSimon Fraser University
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaU.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceSimon Fraser University
KeywordsFeatherCalidrisPlumageSandpiperBiologyFlight featherArcticZoologyJuvenileEcologyWaterfowlTemperate climateMoultingPredationHabitat

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

ABSTRACT Avian age-class discrimination is typically based on the completeness of the first prebasic molt. In several calidrid sandpiper species, juvenal flight feathers grown on Arctic breeding grounds are retained through the first three migrations. Thereafter, flight feathers are grown annually at temperate migratory stopover sites during the fall or on the subtropical wintering grounds. Standard methods for distinguishing age classes of sandpipers rely on a combination of traits, including body plumage, coloration of protected inner median covert edges, and extent of flight feather wear. We tested the ability of stable hydrogen isotope ratios in flight feathers (δDf) to distinguish young birds in their first winter through second fall from older adults in three calidrid sandpiper species, Western (Calidris mauri), Least (C. minutilla), and Semipalmated (C. pusilla) sandpipers. We compared the apparent reliability of the isotope approach to that of plumage-based aging. The large expected differences in δDf values of flight feathers grown at Arctic versus non-Arctic latitudes enabled use of this technique to discriminate between age-classes. We determined δDf values of known Arctic-grown feathers from juveniles that grew their flight feathers on the breeding grounds. Flight feather δDf values of southward-migrating adults showed bimodal distributions for all three species. Negative values overlapped with species-specific juvenile values, identifying putative second fall birds with high-latitude grown juvenal feathers retained from the previous year. The more positive values identified older adults who grew their feathers at mid- and low latitudes. Importantly, δDf analysis successfully identified first-winter and second-fall birds not detected by plumage-based aging. Flight feather wear alone was a poor basis for age classification because scores overlapped extensively between putative second fall birds and older adults. Flight feather hydrogen isotope analysis enables more definitive assignment of age classes when standard plumage methods are unreliable. La identificación de la edad en las aves es típicamente basada en el grado en la cual se completa la primera muda prebásica. En algunas especies del género Calidris, las plumas juveniles de vuelo que crecieron en las regiones Árticas donde nidifica la especie son retenidas durante las tres primeras migraciones. Después, las plumas de vuelo crecen anualmente en sitios de descanso durante la migración en zonas templadas durante el otoño o en sitios de invernación subtropicales. Los métodos estandarizados para distinguir las edades de este género dependen de una combinación de caracteres, incluyendo el plumaje corporal, la coloración de las franjas de las coberturas medias internas protegidas y el grado de desgaste de las plumas de vuelo. Probamos la capacidad de las proporciones de isótopos estables de hidrogeno en las plumas de vuelo (δDf) de distinguir entre individuos jóvenes (en su primer invierno hasta su segundo otoño) y adultos mayores en tres especies, Calidris mauri, C. minutilla y C. pusilla. Comparamos la aparente fiabilidad de isótopos en comparación al método de usar el estado del plumaje para estimar la edad. Las grandes diferencias esperadas entre los valores δDf en plumas de vuelo que crecieron en latitudes Árticos versus no-Árticos permitió el uso de esta técnica para distinguir las edades. Determinamos los valores δDf de plumas que supimos que crecieron en el Ártico porque fueron de juveniles que crecieron las plumas de vuelo en los sitios de nidificación. Los valores δDf de las plumas de vuelo de adultos que migraban hacia el sur demostraron distribuciones bimodales para las tres especies. Valores negativos se superpusieron con los valores de los juveniles específicos a cada especie, lo cual permitió la identificación de individuos supuestamente en su segundo otoño portando plumas juveniles cuales fueron crecidas en latitudes altas en el año anterior. Los valores mas positivos identificaron a los adultos mayores cuales portaban plumas que crecieron en latitudes medias y bajas. Importantemente, el análisis de δDf exitosamente identificó a los individuos que estaban en su primer invierno o en su segundo otoño cuales no fueron detectados mediante la técnica de estimar la edad con el plumaje. El uso del desgaste de las plumas de vuelo como indicador de edad no fue confiable cuando fue el único método usado porque las medidas de desgaste de individuos supuestamente en su segundo otoño se superpusieron extensivamente con los de adultos mayores. El análisis de isótopos de hidrogeno en las plumas de vuelo permite una clasificación mas definitiva de la edad cuando los métodos que usan el plumaje no son confiables.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.010
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.315
Teacher spread0.297 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations5
Published2009
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueJournal of Field OrnithologySame topicAvian ecology and behaviorFrench-language works237,207