Lymphedema Development and Lymphatic Function following Lymph Node Excision in Sheep
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Our objective was to develop an animal model of postsurgical lymphedema that would permit quantitation of edema and lymphatic function after the removal of a single popliteal lymph node in sheep. METHODS: As a measure of lymph transport, (125)I-human serum albumin was injected into prenodal vessels at 8, 12 and 16 weeks after nodal excision, and plasma levels of the protein tracer were used to calculate the transport rate of the tracer to blood (percent injected per hour). Edema was quantified from the circumferential measurement of the hind limbs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Following nodal excision, the limbs became progressively more edematous up to 3 days after nodectomy. After this, the swelling decreased but had not resolved even at 16 weeks after surgery. Compared with control limbs (17.2 +/- 0.6; n = 7), lymphatic function was depressed at 8 weeks after surgery (10.6 +/- 1.5; n = 7). At 12 (14.4 +/- 1.0; n = 7) and 16 weeks (13.9 +/- 1.0; n = 6), regeneration of lymphatic vessels at the excision site helped to restore about 80% of lymphatic capacity. These techniques may be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology associated with cancer-related postsurgical lymphedema and may facilitate the development of new strategies to treat or prevent this condition.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it