Renal cell carcinoma presenting as an ominous metachronous scalp metastasis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% all of solid organ tumours and is slightly more common in men in the age range of 60 to 70 years. Skin metastases occur in 3% to 6% of RCCs. There are only approximately 30 cases of scalp metastases secondary to RCC in the literature. They usually occur late in metastatic disease and are a bad prognostic marker. A 67-year-old Caucasian male presented with a metastatic scalp lesion, 10 years post-radical treatment for RCC. His initial diagnosis was a T3bN0M0 RCC. He presented with a raised erythematous lesion on his parietal scalp, the histology of which demonstrated late metastatic recurrence. Shortly after this, he developed diffuse metastatic disease. Metastatic RCC can occur many years after initial diagnosis and present in many forms. Cutaneous metastatic lesions of RCC can mimic many other dermatologic conditions and carries an ominous prognosis. It is therefore important not only for the urologist, but also general practitioners and patients to be vigilant of any new skin lesion as a portent of impending metastatic disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".