Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, limiting force profile for laterally loaded rigid piles in sand is differentiated from the on-pile force profile, from which elastic–plastic solutions are established and presented in explicit expressions. Nonlinear responses of the piles are characterized by slip depths mobilized from mudline and the pile-tip. At the states of tip-yield and rotation point yield, expressions for some critical depths are developed, which allow the on-pile force profiles to be constructed. The solutions and the expressions are developed concerning a constant subgrade modulus (k) and a linearly increasing modulus with depth (Gibson k), respectively. Capitalized on three measurable parameters, the solutions agree well with measured data and numerical predictions. Nondimensional responses are presented for various eccentricities at the tip-yield state and in some cases at the rotation point yield state. Nonlinear responses are obtained for typical eccentricities from elastic state right up to failure. Comments are made regarding displacement-based capacity. A case study is elaborated to illustrate (i) the use of the current solutions; (ii) the impact of the k distributions; (iii) the evaluation of stresses on pile surface; and (iv) the deduction of soil modulus. The current solutions are easily implemented and suitable for general design.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".