Nutrition and cancer in children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Underweight and overweight conditions are global problems; even occurring conjointly in households as the "nutrition paradox" 1, 2. Aberrant nutrition is especially relevant to the growing child, and particularly so when cancer develops in early life. There are well-defined nutritional contributions to the pathogenesis of malignant diseases, the tolerance of anti-neoplastic therapy, and the duration and quality of survival after completion of treatment for cancer in childhood and adolescence. The confluence of childhood, cancer, and nutrition has been designated a "dynamic triangle" 3. This assumes considerable importance in "countries with limited resources" in which malnutrition is prevalent and the great majority of children reside 4. The first international workshop to address this interactive triad was held in Puebla, Mexico almost a decade ago under the auspices of the International Union Against Cancer. It was entitled "Nutritional morbidity in children with cancer: mechanisms, measures, and management" 5. Since then there has been increasing recognition of the central role of nutrition in the context of children with cancer, exemplified by the establishment of a scientific committee on the topic within the Children's Oncology Group 6. Further elucidation on causality and prevention, such as the linkage between maternal ingestion of DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors during pregnancy and MLL+ acute myeloid leukemia in infants 7, and the reduction in the incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the first year of life associated with a high maternal intake of folate antenally 8. The development of algorithms for nutritional assessment and supplementation 9. Studies of specific interventions to reduce treatment-related morbidity, such as oral mucositis 10, and improve health-related quality of life. Nevertheless the "holy grail"—of increasing the duration of survival by improving nutritional status—remains elusive. However, in long-term survivors the need to diminish obesity, with its risk of attendant co-morbidities (some of which may be life-limiting), is an obvious priority. The overall objective of the second international workshop (held under the auspices of the International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research) is to examine the current "state of play" with the development of "positions" on selected topics to inform the rapidly expanding research agenda, with the ultimate aim of further reducing the burden of morbidity and mortality associated with nutritional aberrations in children with cancer worldwide. This event would not have been possible without the generous support of the Office of International Affairs in the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; an award from the National Cancer Institute of Canada; the Capitulo Puebla de la Fundacion Mexicana para la Salud; and the Fondo FUNSALUD-AMEH. Local hospitality was provided by the Universidad de las Americas Puebla. The Public Health Agency of Canada funded the publication of this report.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".