Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide (OCPs) in Shallow Observation Wells from El-Rahawy Contaminated Area, Egypt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The contamination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from the selected sites in El Rahawy area was investigated to estimate the current status of pollution in surface and groundwater. A study was conducted to determine the concentrations of OCPs in surface and groundwater samples along El Rahaway drain. Samples were collected from six different sites during the rainy and dry seasons. The samples were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction method then screened and determined qualitatively for 18 OCPs using GC/ECD (Gas chromatograph equipped with electron capture detector). There was a variation of pesticide residue levels with season. The commonly found OCP residues in the study area were α-HCH, γ-HCH, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD and endrin. The overall results showed that surface water was more polluted with OCPs than groundwater, especially endosulfan I which was detected in the wide range concentration of 0.021 to 0.375 μg L-1 and 0.083 to 0.823 μg L-1 during dry and rainy seasons, respectively. There was a variation of pesticide residue levels with season. The OCPs levels in all water samples were generally exceeded Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of agricultural water uses (CWQGs).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".