Retirement Arrangements and the Laity at Religious Houses in Pre-Reformation Devon
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Most of us would probably think of retirement planning as a modern phenomenon; however, concerns about retirement were also very real to people of the late Middle Ages and the early modern period. They, too, sought ways to ensure that they would be able to lead reasonably comfortable lives once they had reached a point when they could no longer work. Peasant parents might sometimes strike maintenance agreements with adult children or other individuals who would be taking over their landholdings; wealthy widows might be able to rely on the income from their dower lands or the jointures arranged at the time of their marriages. Infirm members of the secular clergy could sometimes retire from their parishes with pensions. Another option for a wide range of individuals of different economic backgrounds was to obtain an annuity from or a corrody at a religious house. An annuity was an annual monetary payment, whereas a corrody was an annual allowance in kind—what Barbara Harvey has called a “bundle of privileges” or a “bundle of consumables”—providing for the food, shelter, and often clothes of the corrodian. Both annuities and corrodies could be purchased from or freely given by a monastery.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it