Triploidy and mosaicism in <i>Liolaemus chiliensis</i> (Sauria: Tropiduridae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A remarkable diversity of ploidy, i.e., diploidy, triploidy, and diploid-triploid mosaicism, was found among the somatic and testicular cells in a natural population of the lizard Liolaemus chiliensis from central Chile. Intra pop ulation, intersexual, and intraindividual ploidy variation is reported. In contrast with other species of polyploid reptiles, 86% of L. chiliensis males were mosaics (2n/3n) and 14% were diploids; 33% of females were triploid, 57.1% were mosaics, and 9.5% were diploid. Among 21 specimens, no triploid males were found in this sample. In the mosaic males, the diploid and triploid spermatogonia both enter meiosis, producing both reduced and unreduced metaphase II spermatocytes, most of them euploids. We discuss the origin for this ploidy in this iguanid lizard.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".