SUSPENDING THE RULES: UNRAVELING THE ICHNOLOGICAL SIGNATURE OF THE LOWER TRIASSIC POST-EXTINCTION RECOVERY INTERVAL
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The biotic crisis that heralded the end of the Paleozoic era and simultaneously ushered in the Mesozoic era occurred during an interval of profound environmental change, including strongly increased levels of greenhouse gases (Payne et al., 2004; Kump et al., 2005; Luo et al., 2011), and a sharp decline in the proportion of dissolved oxygen in the world's oceans (Isozaki, 1994, 1997; Grice et al., 2005; Berner et al., 2007). Numerous geochemical and biogeochemical methodologies have documented the changing chemistry of the world's oceans through the Permian-Triassic boundary interval (e.g., Musashi et al., 2001; Rampino and Caldeira, 2005; Grice et al., 2005; Ward and Berner, 2007; Luo et al., 2011). Furthermore, these techniques have illustrated that dissolved oxygen levels and oceanic and atmospheric chemistry fluctuated wildly during the several million years after the initial crisis (Payne et al., 2004; Rampino and Caldeira, 2005; Kakuwa, 2008; Meyer et al., 2008). Prolonged adverse environmental chemistry undoubtedly contributed strongly to the delayed biotic recovery, a delay that lasted the extent of the Early Triassic (Hallam, 1991; Payne et al., 2004; Erwin, 2007; Meyer et al., 2011). Although geochemical studies provide crucial evidence regarding oceanic toxicity, they cannot provide information on biotic responses to fluctuating conditions nor can this line of investigation provide details on the nature of biotic recovery once environmental conditions regained stability. For this, direct observation of fossil evidence is essential. Studies of lowermost Triassic biota have focused primarily on skeletonized invertebrate and vertebrate taxa (i.e., Schubert and Bottjer, 1995; Jin et al., 2000; Chen et al., 2006; Twitchett, 2006; Zonneveld et al., 2007, and references therein). Comparatively few papers have focused on ichnological aspects of the Permian-Triassic extinction and recovery …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".