Effect of Slag Composition on Wettability of Oxide Inclusions
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Inclusion removal is key in the production of high quality steel. The inclusions are primarily removed from liquid steel by reacting with a liquid slag phase. For efficient inclusion removal, the inclusions transfer across the steel-slag interface to dissolve in the slag. This transfer process is strongly influenced by interfacial phenomena. In this study, the dynamic wetting (θ) of a range of slags in the CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–(MgO) system on solid oxides representing inclusion phases (Al2O3, MgAl2O4 and CaO.Al2O3) at 1773 K was investigated using a sessile drop technique. It was found that for all systems studied θ versus time showed a rapid decrease in wetting in the first 10 s tending to a plateau value at extended times. Further, for basic type ladle slags the plateau value was independent of slag composition and for acid type tundish slags the plateau value decreased with increasing basicity. Through work of adhesion analysis it was shown that ladle type slags appeared more suitable for inclusion removal and that from a wetting perspective calcium aluminate would be easier to remove than spinel and alumina. Choi and Lee’s dynamic wetting model was evaluated and found to not only represent the data well but have physical relevance for the basic, but not the acid, slags investigated.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it