Kinetic Solvent Effects on Hydrogen Abstraction from Phenol by the Cumyloxyl Radical. Toward an Understanding of the Role of Protic Solvents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A time-resolved kinetic study of the hydrogen atom abstraction reactions from phenol by the cumyloxyl radical (CumO(•)) was carried out in different solvents. The hydrogen atom abstraction rate constant (k(H)) was observed to decrease by almost 3 orders of magnitude on going from isooctane to MeOH. In TFE, MeCN/H(2)O 2:1, and MeOH, the measured k(H) values were lower than expected on the basis of the Snelgrove-Ingold (SI) equation that correlates log k(H) to the solvent hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) ability parameter β(2)(H). As these solvents also act as hydrogen bond donors (HBDs), we explored the notion that a more thorough description of solvent effects could be provided by including a solvent HBD ability term, α(2)(H), into the SI equation via β(2)(H)(1 + α(2)(H)). The inclusion of such a term greatly improves the fitting for TFE, MeCN/H(2)O 2:1, and MeOH but at the expense of that for tertiary alkanols. This finding suggests that, for the reaction of CumO(•) with phenol, the HBA and HBD abilities of both the solvent and the substrate could be responsible for the observed KSEs. but this requires that primary and tertiary alkanols exhibit different solvation behaviors. Possible explanations for this different behavior are explored.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".