Test and Measurement of Analog and RF Cores in Mixed-Signal SoC Environment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes the test and measurement of high-frequency analog/RF cores in a mixed-signal system-on-chip (SoC) environment using an embedded tester core. A new test methodology has been developed in which high-frequency tests are performed on-chip, but the control and test results are transmitted over the lower bandwidth connectivity associated with the SoC I/O terminals. A low-frequency analog signal is used to modulate a high-frequency squarewave and the resulting waveform is applied to a high-frequency circuit-under-test (CUT) as a test stimulus. The CUT's response is sampled using a coherent subsampling technique and the captured samples are transmitted at low-speeds off-chip from the SoC. A coupled phase-locked-loop and delay- locked-loop structure is employed to generate test waveforms in the 2.7-GHz range and to support high-resolution sampling with a sampling resolution of less than 10 ps. Simulation results using a reference low noise amplifier as a CUT shows the effectiveness of the proposed test method. The tester core has been sent for fabrication in CMOS 0.18-mum technology with a target area of 1 mm2.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".