Chapter 3 Recognition of glacial influence in Neoproterozoic sedimentary successions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This chapter provides an overview and key references of glacial processes and resulting sedimentary products in subglacial, terrestrial proglacial and glaciomarine or glaciolacustrine settings. These settings are characterized by a wide variety of processes ranging from subglacial lodgement and deformation, ice-push and sediment remobilization, which in turn result in a wide range of products such as diamictite, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. The sedimentary record of proglacial settings exhibits the most lateral and vertical variability due to the dynamic nature of ice margins and the most direct record of climatic fluctuations. Many Neoproterozoic successions, however, preserve glaciomarine deposits that can provide a more continuous and high-resolution (though indirect) record of change. This chapter will enable the reader to identify features that may be used to infer a glacial influence on the formation of ancient deposits. The chapter also outlines some of the important issues that require consideration when evaluating palaeoclimatic models for Neoproterozoic sedimentary successions. These include the equivocal significance of most commonly used proxies such as occurrence of diamictite, outsized clasts in laminated sediments, clast characteristics, lithostratigraphic trends and sequence boundaries. Careful analysis of multiple lines of sedimentary evidence, together with other proxies of climatic changes, can yield meaningful reconstructions and provide a basis for testing palaeoclimate models for this time period. A summary table outlining the characteristics of diamictite with different depositional origins is also included in order to assist with the interpretation of the Neoproterozoic sedimentary record.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".