Effect of pretreatment using ultrasound and hydrogen peroxide on digestion of waste activated sludge in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated combining pretreatment of waste activated sludge with anaerobic digestion in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor. Preliminary tests revealed that a hydrogen peroxide and ultrasound pretreatment resulted in a chemical oxygen demand solubilization of 40% when a dose of 50 gH 2 O 2 /kgTS and sonication for 60 min were employed. Raw and pretreated waste activated sludge were fed to an anaerobic membrane bioreactor to determine if this increase in solubilization affected the biodegradability of the sludge. It was observed that pretreatment increased the extent to which the sludge was digested and hence it was concluded that the combined action of ultrasound and peroxide increased the biodegradable fraction of the sludge, while reducing the bioreactor and waste stream solids concentration. At a constant flux of 2.75 L/m 2 /hour, the transmembrane pressure and the fouling rate remained low and relatively constant over the course of operation, despite reduced mass flow of solids. The performance of the membrane was attributed to the fouling minimizing protocol that consisted of regular maintenance cleaning, a relaxed mode of operation, and continuous gas sparging. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1724–1730, 2015
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".