A Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonist Inhibits Allergen-induced Late Asthmatic Responses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
RATIONALE: Effective antiinflammatory therapies are needed for the treatment of asthma, but preferably without the systemic adverse effects of glucocorticosteroids. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the effect of an inhaled nonsteroidal glucocorticoid receptor agonist, AZD5423, on allergen-induced responses. METHODS: Twenty subjects with mild allergic asthma were randomized to receive 7 days of treatment with nebulized AZD5423 (75 or 300 μg) once daily, budesonide 200 μg twice daily via Turbuhaler, or placebo in a double-blind, four-period, crossover design study. Allergen challenge was performed on Day 6. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: FEV1 was measured repeatedly for 7 hours after allergen challenge for early and late asthmatic responses. Sputum inflammatory cells was measured before and at 7 and 24 hours after allergen challenge, and methacholine airway responsiveness was measured before and 24 hours after allergen challenge. AZD5423 significantly attenuated the fall in FEV1 during the late asthmatic response (both doses led to an 8.7% fall) versus placebo (14% fall) (P < 0.05) with no effect of budesonide (12.5% fall) versus placebo (P > 0.05). There was no effect on the fall in FEV1 during early asthmatic response. AZD5423 300 and 75 μg significantly attenuated allergen-induced sputum eosinophilia by 63 and 61% at 7 hours, respectively, and by 46 and 34% at 24 hours after allergen challenge, respectively, versus placebo (all P < 0.05). Budesonide did not reduce allergen-induced sputum eosinophilia versus placebo. AZD5423 at 300 μg significantly attenuated allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness at 24 hours after allergen challenge versus placebo (P < 0.05). Both doses of AZD5423 were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Seven-day treatment with inhalation of the nonsteroidal glucocorticoid receptor agonist AZD5423 effectively reduced allergen-induced responses in subjects with mild allergic asthma. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01225549).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".