Elastic-plastic modelling of unsaturated soil using results from a new triaxial test with controlled suction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper examines the constitutive behaviour of a compacted highly plastic sand–clay mixture. Three series of tests evaluated components of a possible elastic-plastic constitutive model for unsaturated stress–strain behaviour. The tests examined the influence of suction on yield stress under external isotropic loading and the influence of suction on shear strength. The results examine the behaviour of highly plastic clay subjected to generalised (triaxial) stresses that include shear, isotropic and suction loading. The data represent an important new resource of information on a densely compacted, strongly expansive, sand–bentonite mixture that was loaded independently by external stresses and internal suctions. The suctions were also measured by sensors buried in the specimens. They have been interpreted in an elastic-plastic framework to produce values for some of the material properties needed for the model. The results and associated discussion provide new insights into the behaviour of unsaturated highly plastic clay materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".