Over-expression of HMW glutenin subunit Glu-B1 7x in hexaploid wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Canada in 1993, a special market class of wheat, Canada Western Extra Strong (CWES), was established to segregate wheat varieties known to produce very strong and extensible doughs. These exceptional dough properties enable CWES cultivars to be blended with wheats of lesser quality as well as being suited to the manufacture of frozen dough products. The high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin allele (Glu-B1al) that confers these properties, particularly dough strength, has now been identified. Typically, the presence of the Glu-B1al (7+8*) allele is associated with the overexpression of HMW-GS 1Bx 7. RP-HPLC was used to quantify the proportion (% area) of individual HMW-GS relative to total HMW-GS in wheat varieties of different origin. The B genome contributed the highest percentage of HMW-GS, with the exception of Glu-B1d (6+8*) where the D genome contributed the most. Cultivars that possessed the Glu-B1al allele contained a significantly higher (P < 0.001) proportion of HMW-GS (56.80 ± 3.25%) encoded by the B genome. This suggests that the proportion of Glu-B1 subunits, relative to the total amount of HMW-GS expressed, has a major effect on dough strength. We also identified germplasm, of different origin, that contains the Glu-B1al allele and overexpresses subunit 7, including the most likely source of this allele in bread wheat cultivars. The Glu-B1al allele in the varieties identified in this paper could be traced, at least through one parent, to the Argentinean bread wheat cultivar Klein Universal II. RP-HPLC elution and expression profiles of various common HMW-GS are also discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".