Spatiotemporal analysis of event‐related potentials to upright, inverted, and contrast‐reversed faces: Effects on encoding and recognition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In an n-back face recognition task where subjects responded to repeated stimuli, ERPs were recorded to upright, inverted, and contrast-reversed faces. The effects of inversion and contrast reversal on face encoding and recognition were investigated using the multivariate spatiotemporal partial least squares (PLS) analysis. The configural manipulations affected early processing (100-200 ms) at posterior sites: Inversion effects were parietal and lateral, whereas contrast-reversal effects were more occipital and medial, suggesting different underlying generators. A later reactivation of face processing areas was unique to inverted faces, likely due to processing difficulties. PLS also indicated that the "old-new" repetition effect was maximal for upright faces and likely involved frontotemporal areas. Marked processing differences between inverted and contrast-reversed faces were seen, but these effects were similar at encoding and recognition.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".