Effect of Bacterial Invasion on the Growth and Lipid Production of the Oleaginous Yeast Rhodotorula glutinis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Oleaginous microbes, grown heterotrophically on sugars derived from non-food crops or waste resources, are a renewable source of lipids. However, these cultures are prone to bacterial invasion. Ensuring optimal sterile conditions requires expensive pre-treatment techniques and has significant ramifications for the industrial-scale production of lipid derived biofuels, though, at present, it is unclear what effect a bacterial invasion would have on the organisms ability to accumulate lipid. In this investigation, the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis (R. glutinis) was cultured under optimal conditions for lipid production (28 °C and pH 6.3) and the response to contamination by three common bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) was investigated. Bacterial strains were introduced to the yeast culture at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours and their effect on the yeast growth and total lipid productivity was assessed. R. glutinis cultures that had been growing for less than 12 hours were unable to compete with any of the bacterial strains introduced. Lowering the temperature and pH allowed the yeast to compete more effectively, though it was found that these conditions were detrimental to the lipid productivity. The effect of invasion was also specific to the type of bacteria. P. fluorescens was found to be the most successful bacteria in competing with R. glutinis, while B. subtilis was found to be the least. Two common antibiotics, tetracycline and sodium metabisulfite were also investigated for their ability to limit the effect of a bacterial invasion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".