Sphingosine 1‐phosphate effect on endothelial cell PAF synthesis: Role in cellular migration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are two inflammatory mediators capable of promoting endothelial cell (EC) migration and angiogenesis. As VEGF inflammatory effect is mediated by the synthesis of endothelial platelet-activating factor (PAF) which is also contributing to VEGF chemotactic activity, we wanted to assess if S1P can trigger PAF synthesis in EC and if S1P-induced migration is PAF-dependent. Treatment of bovine aortic EC (BAEC) with S1P (10(-10)-10(-6) M) increased dose- and time-dependently the synthesis of PAF by up to 3.3-fold above the basal level, with a maximal amount of PAF detected at 20 min post-stimulation. This biological response was attenuated by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), cytosolic or secreted phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2), sPLA(2)) activity, suggesting that p38 MAPK activation by S1P promotes the conversion of membrane phospholipids into PAF through the combined activation of cPLA(2) and sPLA(2). Interestingly, pretreatment of BAEC with extracellular PAF receptor antagonists (BN52021, 10(-5) M and CV3988, 10(-6) M) reduced by up to 42% the cellular migration induced by S1P (10(-6) M). These data demonstrate the capacity of S1P to induce PAF synthesis, which contributes in part to S1P chemotactic activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".