Enteroaggregative<i>Escherichia coli</i>as a Major Etiologic Agent in Traveler's Diarrhea in 3 Regions of the World
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) has been reported to cause traveler's diarrhea and persistent diarrhea in children in developing countries and in immunocompromised patients. To clarify the prevalence of EAEC in traveler's diarrhea, we studied 636 US, Canadian, or European travelers with diarrhea: 218 in Guadalajara, Mexico (June--August 1997 and 1998), 125 in Ocho Rios, Jamaica (September 1997--May 1998), and 293 in Goa, India (January 1997--April 1997 and October 1997--February 1998). Stool samples were tested for conventional enteropathogens. EAEC strains were identified by use of the HEp-2 assay. EAEC was isolated in 26% of cases of traveler's diarrhea (ranging from 19% in Goa to 33% in Guadalajara) and was second only to enterotoxigenic E. coli as the most common enteropathogen in all areas. Identification of EAEC reduced the number of cases for which the pathogen was unknown from 327 (51%) to 237 (37%) and explained 28% of cases with unknown etiology. EAEC was a major cause of traveler's diarrhea in 3 geographically distinct study areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".