Seromucinous hamartomas: a clinicopathological study of a sinonasal glandular lesion lacking myoepithelial cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: To describe seven cases of sinonasal seromucinous hamartoma. MATERIALS AND RESULTS: The clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of seven seromucinous hamartomas were analysed. There were four men and three women. Six lesions involved the posterior nasal septum and one the lateral wall. Size ranged from 6 to 40 mm. Four patients had no recurrences. One patient had local recurrences 24 and 60 months after diagnosis. The masses were covered by respiratory epithelium. Their stroma was oedematous to fibrous and contained invaginated respiratory epithelium forming glands and cysts, cysts with cuboidal to flat epithelium, and small serous glands, ducts and tubules with lobular and irregular haphazard patterns. One case had numerous glands surrounded by hyalinized basement membrane with features of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH). One case had focal REAH-like changes. Both respiratory and serous components were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK19. The serous component lacked myoepithelial cells when stained for CK14, p63, calponin and muscle-specific antigen in five cases. CONCLUSIONS: Seromucinous hamartomas show a broader histopathological appearance than previously reported. The serous proliferation in these lesions lacks myoepithelial cells. The presence of occasional REAH-like features and common location in the posterior nasal septum suggest a spectrum from pure seromucinous hamartoma to REAH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".