Young men who do not drink, as well as those who drink heavily, have high levels of depression and distress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(2002) Addiction 97, 583; Caldwell TM, Rodgers B, Jorm AF et al. . Patterns of association between alcohol consumption and symptoms of depression and anxiety in young adults. . May; . : . –594 . [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] QUESTION: Do non-drinkers and hazardous/harmful drinkers have increased symptoms of depression and anxiety during young adulthood? Cross sectional analysis of population-based cohort study. Canberra region, Australia; March 1999 to February 2000. Random sample of 2404 people aged between 20 and 24 years participating in the ‘Path Through Life’ project, an ongoing study with interviews every 4 years for 20 years. Complete data were available for 95% (2276). The Goldberg Depression and Anxiety Scales, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were completed using hand-held computers. Alcohol consumption; anxiety; depression; positive and negative affect. For men, both hazardous/harmful and non/occasional drinkers reported higher symptom scores and lower positive affect than light drinkers. The mental health of non-drinkers could not be explained by … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAddiction%2B%2528Abingdon%252C%2BEngland%2529%26rft.stitle%253DAddiction%26rft.aulast%253DCaldwell%26rft.auinit1%253DT.%2BM.%26rft.volume%253D97%26rft.issue%253D5%26rft.spage%253D583%26rft.epage%253D594%26rft.atitle%253DPatterns%2Bof%2Bassociation%2Bbetween%2Balcohol%2Bconsumption%2Band%2Bsymptoms%2Bof%2Bdepression%2Band%2Banxiety%2Bin%2Byoung%2Badults.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1046%252Fj.1360-0443.2002.00092.x%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12033659%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00092.x&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12033659&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmental%2F6%2F1%2F13.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000175409100013&link_type=ISI
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".