Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant lines the inner surface of the lung and functions to lower surface tension within the alveolar space, thus minimizing the work of breathing. Surfactant also serves in a host defense role by enhancing bacterial and viral clearance and killing, as well as downregulating, the host inflammatory response. Alterations of the pulmonary surfactant system contribute to the lung dysfunction associated with acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. As a result, exogenous surfactant has been evaluated as a treatment modality for these patients. Unfortunately, the results of these clinical trials have been inconsistent, although a recent large Phase III study showed that patients with direct lung injuries induced by pneumonia and/or aspiration may specifically benefit from this therapy. Future research directions in the surfactant field include prospective clinical trials specifically focused on targeted patient populations as well as studies evaluating the role of the surfactant system in other inflammatory lung diseases such as bronchial asthma and bacterial pneumonia.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".