The Relationship between Professional Immigrant Parents’ Underemployment Status and their Children’s Emotional Health and Behavioral Patterns
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between a stressful life and low economical status due to underemployment among professional immigrants in the Greater Vancouver Area (GVA), and their children’s emotional and behavioural health. Employing a cross-sectional qualitative design, interviews and focus groups were conducted with the target population, and focus groups were held with representatives from immigrant service-provider agencies (key-informants). Findings were analysed according to participants’ employment status and country/region of origin. Underemployed participants reported the lowest levels of life satisfaction and health status for themselves and their families, the poorest family relationships and the most unfavourable emotional and behavioural patterns for their children. Southeast Asian participants reported the highest rates of underemployment and unfavourable child emotional and behavioural patterns, while the lowest rates in both categories were seen among Eastern European participants. The findings supported and expanded existing knowledge of the links between underemployment, family dysfunction, and poor child emotional and behavioural outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".