Effects of salinomycin on cell-mediated immunity of broiler chickens against hydropericardium syndrome and Newcastle disease viruses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of salinomycin (SAL) on protective cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses of vaccinated and challenged broiler chicks against hydropericardium syndrome virus (HPSV) and Newcastle disease (NDV) were investigated while comparing 3 reference drugs [levamisole, cyclophosphamide (CYP), and cyclosporine (CYS)]. Peripheral lymphoproliferation, skin hypersensitivity reactions, and the ability of chicks to resist virulent HPSV and virulent NDV challenges were used to determine the effects of drugs on CMI responses in chicks. Salinomycin-medicated chicks showed significant (P < 0.05) stimulation of lymphoproliferation and nonsignificant (P > 0.05) stimulation of skin hypersensitivity reactions compared with untreated control chicks. However, skin thickness and lymphoproliferation of SAL-medicated chicks were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those of CYP- and CYS-treated chicks. The greatest survival rate was recorded in SAL-medicated chicks compared with immune-suppressed (CYP- and CYS-treated) and untreated control chicks after virulent NDV and virulent HPSV challenges. Thus, it was concluded that SAL had beneficial effects on the CMI responses of broiler chicks against HPSV and NDV.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".