Single-Stitch Telescopic Bilioenterostomy in an Animal Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: An end-to-side biliodigestive anastomosis is the most common procedure performed in hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery, and this procedure may become technically demanding. A telescopic ureterovesical anastomosis is frequently used in transplant surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of constructing a telescopic biliodigestive anastomosis. METHODOLOGY: The technique-standardization (n = 8) and main study (n = 3) groups were formed from 11 pigs. A single-stitch telescopic anastomosis with a self-disposable internal stent was performed in the main study group. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the 4-week follow-up period, and cholangiograms and tissue samples were obtained. Repeated biological, hematological, and biochemical data were recorded. RESULTS: No bilomas or functional biliary strictures were identified in any of the main study group animals. Light microscopy revealed intestinal metaplasia of the biliary epithelium in the portion of the bile duct telescoped inside the intestinal lumen. CONCLUSIONS: Telescopic bilioenterostomy with a single pull-through stitch and a self-disposable stent is quick and reproducible in animal models, and it appears to be free of complications. Further experiments with longer follow-up periods are required to confirm that this anastomotic technique does not lead to episodes of delayed cholangitis or development of adenocarcinoma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".