Evaluation of CANWET model for hydrologic simulations for upper Canagagigue Creek watershed in southern Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Evaluation of CANWET model for hydrologic simulations for upper Canagagigue Creek watershed in southern Ontario.Canadian Biosystems Engineering/Le génie des biosystèmes au Canada 54:1.7-1.18.This paper discusses the uncertainty associated with the dominant hydrologic processes for watershed-scale water budget calculations in a rural southern Ontario watershed.Very little field data is available that would help in direct calculation of spatial and temporal variation of some of the key components of the water budget, including evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge on a watershed scale.Therefore, the Ontario Ministry of the Environment has recommended the use of a suite of hydrologic models for water budget calculations.The methodologies behind these models vary in procedural complexities and spatial and temporal resolutions.In the current study CANWET (Canadian Nutrient and Water Evaluation Tool) model, which uses relatively simplified approach as compare to other physically based models, was evaluated for water balance studies in southern Ontario.The model was applied to the Upper Canagagigue Creek watershed of the Grand River basin.The model was run for a ten-year period (April 1990 -March 2000) and outputs from the hydrologic simulations were used to analyze streamflow hydrographs and water budget components on annual, seasonal, monthly, and daily time frames.The model partitioned the annual water budget into 60% evapotranspiration, 12% surface runoff, and 28% sub-surface flow.These values are supported by the long-term annual observed data and by literature.The analysis of water balances on seasonal and monthly basis revealed that the snowmelt component of the model, which is critical for winter and spring hydrology, requires improvement.The snowmelt equation used in the model is simplified degree-day equation.This study shows that in the Canagagigue Creek watershed, more than 90% of precipitation in summer months is lost to evapotranspiration and more than half of precipitations in the winter/spring months recharge groundwater.The CANWET model was found to be a useful tool in calculation of watershed-scale water budget components reasonably well on annual (R 2 = 0.89), seasonal (R 2 = 0.68), and monthly (R 2 = 0.68) time frames.Keywords: CANWET,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".