Ad hoc assisted handoff for real-time voice in IEEE 802.11 infrastructure WLANs
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we propose and investigate the use of IEEE 802.11 Ad Hoc Assisted Handoff (AAHO), where a single additional ad hoc hop may be used by a Mobile Station (MS) to obtain range extension or channel quality needed to maintain its real-time voice connection. There are the versions of IEEE 802.11 AAHO. In Backward Ad Hoc Assisted Handoff (BAAHO) the additional hop uses a relay station which already has an IEEE 802.11 association with the access point that the MS is using. In Forward Ad Hoc Assisted Handoff (FAAHO) the additional hop uses a relay station whose access point is different from the one that the MS is currently associated with. Hybrid Ad Hoc Assisted Handoff (HAAHO) is a combination of the two and allows an MS to perform either BAAHO or FAAHO. The proposed AAHO designs are backward compatible, in that they can be implemented as a transparent overlay across existing IEEE 802.11 infrastructure deployments. A relaying mechanism is introduced which permits stations to control the real-time relaying of voice packets between the channels. An analytical model is developed to study the performance of the proposed AAHO schemes based on a simplified system model. Detailed simulation results show that AAHO can greatly improve the handoff connection dropping probability for an IEEE 802.11-based WLAN with incomplete AP coverage and relatively fast moving MSs and HAAHO can achieve even better performance than BAAHO. Our results also show that the proposed AAHO schemes can maintain good real-time performance, in terms of packet transmission delay, for voice transmissions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it