Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in endotoxemia: chimeric mice reveal different cellular sources in various tissues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of these experiments was to determine the contribution of leukocyte-derived iNOS to total iNOS expression induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). By transferring bone marrow between iNOS+/+ and iNOS-/- mice, we created chimeric mice in which iNOS expression was limited to either circulating leukocytes (leukocyte-iNOS mice) or parenchymal cells (parenchyma-iNOS mice). Analysis of congenic markers demonstrated that >95% of thymocytes in chimeric mice were of donor origin. Also, following LPS treatment, iNOS mRNA was detectable in blood from leukocyte-iNOS mice but not parenchyma-iNOS mice. Together these findings indicated that the host marrow had been replaced entirely by donor cells. In the lung, at least 50% of the LPS-induced iNOS mRNA was derived from leukocytes, and immunohistochemical analysis indicated that leukocytes were the main source of iNOS protein. In contrast in the liver, colon, and muscle, iNOS expression was derived predominantly from parenchymal cells. This divergence is potentially explained by the high level of leukocyte recruitment to the lung, relative to the other tissues. Plasma levels of NOS byproducts indicated that parenchymal iNOS was the dominant source of systemic iNOS activity. These findings indicate that in tissues other than the lung, parenchymal cells are the principal source of iNOS during endotoxemia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".