3-d numerical simulation of particle concentration effect on a single-wire ESP performance for collecting poly-dispersed particles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper a simple one stage wire-plate electrostatic precipitator is analyzed to predict particle transport and charging, and airflow patterns under the influence of EHD and external flows, assuming various particle concentrations. The investigated numerical model includes the governing equations describing the motion of ions, gas, solid particles and the effect of particle space charge. The complicated mutual interaction mechanisms between the three coexisting fields of gas flow, particle trajectories and electrostatic field, which affect an industrial ESP process, have been implemented using the User Defined Functions (UDFs) in commercial FLUENT 6.2 software. The electrostatic field and ionic space charge density due to corona discharge were computed by numerical solution of Poisson and current continuity equations using a hybrid Finite Element - Flux Corrected Transport method. The model takes into account the particle space charge density effect on the ionic charge density distribution. The airflow equations were solved inside FLUENT using the Finite Volume Method and the turbulence effect was included by using the k-ε model. The Lagrangian random walk approach was used to determine particle motion, as affected by EHD flows and turbulence effects. This part was performed with the aid of Discrete Phase Model (DPM) in FLUENT. The performance of the discussed ESP in the removal of particulates and the effect of different particle concentration on the gas flow pattern and corona discharge current was evaluated numerically assuming poly-dispersed particles with lognormal particle size distribution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".