An examination of fertility, hatchability, embryo mortality, and chick weight in double versus single-yolked broiler breeder eggs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study was to document the fertility and embryonic mortality problems that result in the poor hatchability of double yolk (DY) versus (single yolk) SY broiler breeder eggs. Both SY (n = 64) and DY (n = 141) eggs were collected from a commercial Hubbard Hi-Y flock and the eggs incubated for 21 d. All eggs were candled and weighed at 7, 14 and 18 d, and any non-viable eggs were removed and broken open to assess fertility, and if fertile, stage of embryonic death. Any unhatched eggs remaining after 21 d of incubation were broken open so that fertility, hatchability and embryo mortality could be calculated. Because there is the potential for two chicks to hatch from a DY egg, fertility, hatchability, and embryo mortality were calculated on a per yolk basis rather than an egg basis. Fertility, hatchability, and hatchability of fertile eggs were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in DY compared to SY eggs. Early- (≤7 d of incubation), mid (8–14 d of incubation), and late (≥15 d of incubation) embryonic mortality was significantly higher in DY vs. SY eggs. Chick body weights were significantly greater in solitary chicks hatching from DY eggs versus chicks hatching from SY eggs. Key words: Double yolk, embryo mortality, broiler breeders, chick weight, hatchability, fertility
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".