Lipid A Modification Systems in Gram-Negative Bacteria
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- Teacher spread
- 0.309 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
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Abstract
The lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide forms the outer monolayer of the outer membrane of most gram-negative bacteria. Escherichia coli lipid A is synthesized on the cytoplasmic surface of the inner membrane by a conserved pathway of nine constitutive enzymes. Following attachment of the core oligosaccharide, nascent core-lipid A is flipped to the outer surface of the inner membrane by the ABC transporter MsbA, where the O-antigen polymer is attached. Diverse covalent modifications of the lipid A moiety may occur during its transit from the outer surface of the inner membrane to the outer membrane. Lipid A modification enzymes are reporters for lipopolysaccharide trafficking within the bacterial envelope. Modification systems are variable and often regulated by environmental conditions. Although not required for growth, the modification enzymes modulate virulence of some gram-negative pathogens. Heterologous expression of lipid A modification enzymes may enable the development of new vaccines.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
The record
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biochemistry
- Topic
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Field
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Canadian institutions
- McMaster University
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical SciencesNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchNational Institutes of Health
- Keywords
- Lipid ABacterial outer membraneInner membraneLipopolysaccharideBiochemistryLipid IIGram-negative bacteriaLipid bilayerEscherichia coliChemistryPeriplasmic spaceCell envelopeEnzymeBacteriaMembrane fluidityBiologyMembraneBiosynthesisGene
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes