Behaviour of steel reinforced polymer (SRP) strengthened RC members under blast loadThis paper is one of a selection of papers in the Special Issue on Blast Engineering.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During the past decade, significant research has been carried out on the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs, beams, and columns using externally bonded carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. Steel reinforced polymer (SRP) sheets have recently been proposed as an alternative to CFRP to strengthen reinforced concrete beams. This paper reports experimental and numerical results of RC beams and beam-columns transversely wrapped with SRP and tested under blast load. A total of 10 scaled RC members were tested at a variety of blast wave intensities. Detailed observations are reported and validated against numerical models created in AUTODYN for the unstrengthened RC members. The SRP wraps were resilient in the near-field blast range and enhanced the ductility of the concrete likely through enhanced confinement. Member capacity could be increased by the wraps in failure modes dominated by concrete crushing. AUTODYN appears able to reasonably predict the behaviour of the RC members when loaded by blast.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".