Sensitivity of <i>Mycosphaerella pinodes</i> to Pyraclostrobin Fungicide
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mycosphaerella blight, caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes, is a destructive disease of field pea that is managed using foliar fungicides. Strobilurin fungicides have been used in western Canada for disease management since 2003. To assess the baseline sensitivities of M. pinodes isolates to the strobilurin fungicide pyraclostrobin, the effective concentration to reduce mycelial growth by 50% (EC 50 ) was determined for 70 isolates collected prior to 2003 from Alberta, Saskatchewan, North Dakota, and Washington State. Each of these isolates was sensitive to pyraclostrobin, with EC 50 values ranging from 0.03 to 0.29 mg liter −1 . The pyraclostrobin concentrations required to reduce conidia germination by 50% was lower, ranging from 0.008 to 0.041 mg liter −1 . In all, 324 isolates collected in 2010 and 2011 were tested for high levels of insensitivity by examining mycelial growth using a discriminatory dose of 5 mg liter −1 . Nineteen isolates were highly insensitive to pyraclostrobin, with EC 50 values of 80 to 216 mg liter −1 . Conidia of these isolates germinated when exposed to a discriminatory dose of 0.1 mg liter −1 . Insensitive isolates infected field pea plants treated with pyraclostrobin but sensitive isolates did not. The identification of insensitive isolates indicates that insensitivity may be emerging in the pathogen population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".