Anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus maze produced by kindling and low frequency stimulation of the basolateral amygdala
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Low frequency stimulation (LFS) has been shown to reverse long term potentiation (LTP) and block kindled seizures. Based on the premise that kindling-induced long term potentiation (LTP) in right basolateral amygdala (BLA) circuits increases anxiety, LFS should reverse kindling-induced anxious behavior. Ninety male Wistar rats were kindled in the right BLA to 4 stage 5 seizures, then administered right or bilateral BLA-LFS for 7 days. Kindling decreased open arm behavior and risk assessment in the elevated plus maze relative to control. Right LFS had no effect on behavior or seizures. Bilateral LFS increased open arm behavior and risk assessment to control levels on day 1, but did not block seizures. Risk assessment but not open arm behavior remained elevated 3 weeks later. Based on a study showing that amygdala LFS produces facilitation unless primed, it was concluded that the unprimed right BLA-LFS facilitated an already robust LTP, having a negligible effect on behavior and seizures. Unprimed left BLA-LFS, however, combined with seizure spread from kindling to produce a potentiation of the left BLA. As left BLA kindling is known to be anxiolytic, this would oppose the effect of right BLA kindling.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".