Reclassification of the North Temperate Taxa Associated with Staphylinus Sensu Lato, Including Comments on Relevant Subtribes of Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a reclassification of the north temperate taxa associated with the genus Staphylinus sensu lato, and comments on relevant subtribes of the tribe Staphylinini. The treatment contains the following: (1) a historical introduction to the past and recent classification of these genera; (2) a discussion of the characters used herein, many of them being unconventional and used for the first time, and many of which are illustrated either by SEM photomicrographs or by line drawings; (3) a key to the north temperate subtribes of the tribe Staphylinini; (4) a discussion of the diagnostic characters of each of the five relevant subtribes (Philonthina, Quediina, Anisolinina, Staphylinina, and Xanthopygina); (5) a key to the north temperate generic- and subgeneric-level taxa associated with the genus Staphylinus sensu lato; (6) type species information and a discussion of diagnostic characters for each taxon at the generic and subgeneric level; (7) a discussion of reasons for taxonomic and nomenclatural steps taken at both generic and specific levels; (8) a checklist of north temperate taxa; and (9) a list of the references mentioned in the discussions in the text (not including those associated with citations of scientific names).At the subtribal level, Craspedomerina, originally erected by Bernhauer (1911: 88) as Craspedomeri, is placed in synonymy with Philonthina. Triacrina, originally erected as Triacri by Bernhauer (1931: 84), is placed in synonymy with Xanthopygina (both syn. nov.).At the generic level, new concepts are presented for Staphylinus, Dinothenarus, Parabemus, Ocypus, Matidus, Pseudocypus, Tasgius, and Rayacheila.New synonymies at the generic level are as follows (synonyms in brackets): Thoracostrongylus Bernhauer, 1915 (= Parontholestes Coiffait, 1982), Platydracus Thomson, 1858 (= Neotasgius J. Müller, 1925), Parabemus Reitter, 1909 (= Parocypus Bernhauer, 1915; Hypabemus Scheerpeltz, 1966), Ocypus Leach, 1819 (= Goerius Westwood, 1827; Xanthocypus J. Müller, 1925), Pseudocypus Mulsant and Rey, 1876 (= Protocypus J. Müller, 1923; Nudabemus Coiffait, 1982), Agelosus Sharp, 1874 (= Apecholinus Bernhauer, 1933), Tasgius Stephens, 1829 (= Pseudotasgius Seidlitz, 1891; Paratasgius Jarrige, 1952), Rayacheila Motschulsky, 1845 (= Anodus Nordmann, 1837 [nec Spix, 1829]; Alapsodus Tottenham, 1939; Allocypus Coiffait, 1964; Metocypus Coiffait, 1964; Paralapsodus Coiffait, 1974).At the specific level, lectotypes are designated for Dinothenarus insignis (J. Müller, 1926), Ocypus almorensis (Cameron, 1932), Ocypus fulvotomentosus Eppelsheim, 1889, and Ocypus lewisius Sharp, 1874. Nine replacement names, 58 new synonymies, 224 new combinations, and numerous new statuses at both generic and specific levels are established; the latter four categories are to be found in the checklist.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".